Quantum Computing

Driving U.S. Leadership in a New Era of Innovation

Quantum computing aims to leverage quantum mechanics—the science of sub-atomic physics initially developed in the early 20th century—for building next-generation computers and communications systems.

Quantum computing could play a transformative role in our nation’s future, contributing to scientific breakthroughs, economic growth, and national security. It is imperative that the U.S. maintain its global leadership in quantum—and this leadership depends on a supportive public policy framework.

Policy Priorities for Advancing Quantum

Congress has supported quantum computing, notably by passing the National Quantum Initiative Act in December 2018 to coordinate and fund quantum research for the economic and national security of our nation. The federal government could further advance quantum computing and help secure our nation’s leadership in quantum for the long term through policies that:

  • Increase Investment in Quantum R&D—Our nation must continue its decades-long tradition of funding breakthrough scientific research. Federal funding for quantum science more than doubled from 2019 to 2022, from $456 million to $1.041 billion, but then declined in recent years. Meanwhile, China has invested much more heavily in quantum—making a $15 billion commitment. Congress must increase federal investment in quantum research, which will help deliver innovation, economic growth, and strengthened security that benefits our entire nation.
  • Develop a Quantum-focused Workforce—Our nation faces a shortage of quantum expertise. Congress should pass policies that help develop quantum talent, including support for STEM at all levels of education; upskilling the current workforce; and creating pathways for foreign scientists trained at U.S. universities to remain in the nation.
  • Secure a Robust Supply Chain for Quantum—Quantum technology depends on specialized materials and equipment, much of which is not currently produced in the U.S. Our nation needs to develop these materials domestically or have access through dependable allies. The federal government can help strengthen our nation’s quantum supply chain with policies that support domestic manufacturing and strategically leverage the power of federal purchasing.

Quantum computing will be a cornerstone of progress in the coming decades. These policies will help the U.S. remain a leader in this critical area and maintain a competitive and security edge against adversarial nations.

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